Operations management in the tourist industry

Operations management in the tourist industry Operations management consists of those activities which are involved in planning, controlling and transformation process of a particular product or service. At the very beginning Operations management was only considered for the manufacturing industry but with the flow of time it’s now a job of service sector too. English Riviera Tourism Company is a service provider company. This company performing it’s operation management through- Planning of operations- ERTC has a grand plan of running its company. Their main strategy is ‘Turning the tide for Tourism in Torbay’. Mainly providing services within a range of local areas which mainly made up of Torquay, Paigton and Brixham as they are also working as a promotional tools for this company. The scenery of Bay is very much heart touching, ERTC is ensuring the standard tourism service for their visitors to enjoy this beautiful scenery. In 2012, it served nearly 997,000 visitors from UK. Management of these operations- As their main object is to provide quality services. They are managing their operations by this steps a) Providing adequate holiday accommodation, and also b) accommodations for local community c) accommodations available in every seasons. Quality management- English Riviera Attractions Partnership consists of: Paington Zoo, Living coasts and Peigton Pier. As they are attractive partners which represents the quality of this company. They are also awarded for ‘Fine dining’. They are also ensuring the leading position of ERTC. 1.2 Operations management was mainly for manufacturing industry. At this time it’s also a part of service industries. As manufacturing products are tangible and services are intangible that’s why both the operation managements are differ from each others. ERTC providing services to tourists, their main planning objective is to get attention of the tourists. On the other hand, a manufacturing company tries to produce a quality product according to buyer’s need which means their main planning program consists of producing quality product. In an operation management of service company facilities have to be given as they had announced. ERTC is providing standard facilities to its serving areas. When it is product, customers can also learn about the facilities through using the product. In service business owners always expends lots of time in selecting location, layout. Badly selected location will be a threat for a tourism company. Easy communication with the customers is also a matter of consideration. ERTC is providing online services to get tourists from all over the world. As it also has a commitment with some rewarded partners? Partners are also working as a promotional partner for this company. Product producers concentrate on the layout of the place where they will produce the product. Comfortable layout helps producer to produce products as the demand of the customers. Capacity planning of a manufacturer is easier than a service provider. ERTC can’t be able to store their service to meet the future demand. 1.3 Managerial functions mainly define as a combination of planning, organizing, staffing, coordinating and controlling. ERTC’s operation can also be related to these managerial functions. As this companies operations are related to planning, organizing customers, employee people and coordinating and controlling all the activities through a proper analysis. ERTC is mainly a Torbay’s major industry. It’s running with a plan ‘Turning the tide for Tourism in Torbay’ . They are providing their service through ensuring modernism, improved standard, playing with strength, wide promotions. This company is organized by- The chair, the board, the co-opted advisory panel, the chief executive officer. As it’s a company having partnership it get the opportunity to increase it’s investment and engaging more trained stuffs for the companies betterment. Coordinating function is done through controlling all the previous activities. ERTC needs maximum customers’ appreciation for coordinating all the plans. To turn the main strategy into reality they have to monitor the feedbacks of all single steps. They are also trying to involve their customers in this process. So, they provide a ‘promotional printed literature’ every year. This is designed not only to influence the existing customers but al so the potential customers. This guide contains over all details of a specific year which a customer wants to know before booking. Visitors also get the chance to connect through the internet. By analyzing the current situation of ERTC the controlling result can be like this- value of tourism in torbay’s economy has to be increased, repositioning the company, providing uniform platform, increase in employment, creating cost effective services, addressing the key objects. 1.4 Creating customer value and competitive advantage is very much important for a tourism company. As operations management consists all the activities of a company it can help to get these two important things. Actually, customer value is a matter which can be obtained through satisfying a customer. ERTC is maintaining its business- As a partnership company Ensuring standard service Focusing on the beauty of Bay Proper evaluation system. Introduced special app Maintain international media coverage and personal relation. They have to serve over 3million people in a year. Also having their marketing activities through you tube, twitter, Facebook. All these activities are enough to get customer satisfaction which leads to customer value. Customer value helps to have a long term customers. Being a brand of tourism industry ERTC has also some competitive advantages. Marketing activities of any company also a part of operations management. ERTC’s marketing acts are- Developing an attractive website. Producing annual officials. Coordination of advertising nationally. Supporting the management Both online and offline marketing Producing various articles as offline marketing tool Promotional activities by promotional partners. Rewarded as a best company many time. Again market segmentation of this company is also creating a great opportunity of having competitive advantages. They targeted their market on the basis of-geography, demographics, families, couples and business conferences. South west is generating most of the visitors and this place includes their segmentation. People belongs to over 50s are more attractive group of customer because they are the growing number of people having lots of leisure time with disposable earnings. This company can earn competitive advantage through having a great plan for this market. TASK-2 2.1 System design consists of the process of a specific subject which helps to collect data, interfaces and brings details to obtain an ultimate object. It has a respected role in business sector. System design can be done in several forms- Architectural design Logical design Physical design Physical design is very much applicable for tourism industry. It needs- requirements of input, requirements outputs, Storage requirements, processing requirements. Process design carries those documents which ensure the information of the documents are capable of fitting the design. ERTC’s system design shows the overall plan of this company. Its system design is given below- Running with the strategy ‘Turning the tide for Tourism in Torbay’ Working as a partnership company Increasing value of tourism in the economy of torbay Increasing return on investment Introducing the beauty of Bay Creating cost effective services This company’s system design is made to satisfy the tourists and get brand image. Total document of the overall system design will let us know whether this design is applicable or not. By analyzing this system design it is found that, customers are appreciating the partnership system, it helps to gain reliability from the customers, its attractive partnership also creating a promotional scope. All these are producing great process design of this company. This design says whether all the process are able to turn into real or not. ERTC’s process design has already started proceeding the tasks. 2.2 Implementing new or significant production or service providing method is known as process innovation. Introducing new or improved form of previous service state as a product development. These two jobs are very important for a tourism industry. Innovation is considered as a power of a particular industry. It is the way to be updated in a market. Maintains competitive advantages, increase efficiency and effectiveness. As need of a customers is changing and to cope with this changes innovation is very much important. Even innovation can be brought through renewing marketing activities. Every company normally use same marketing tools so it can be made different by innovating some new process. Innovation is also important because it is the only way of making differences with the competitors. ERTC is proving various innovated services and processes- Up- to-date with some new technologies. New visitors can get information from the website. One very useful innovation in this company’s process is providing yearly prospectus. Lunching new town sites. Introducing shared marketing tools. Embedding on others website. Providing newsletter. This process innovations are helping this company to serve its service all over the world. In this modern day it’s mainly focusing on modernism which is the only to get customer satisfaction. ERTC is getting changed according to their time or season of providing services. Strategic innovation doesn’t cost most. To catch more customers they provide free maps to the visitors. 2.3 Logistics is the complete flow of goods from the beginning to the consumption of the product. It mainly contains physical items. It describe the production process and distribution process of a particular product. Logistic process involves- Handling materials Production Packaging Inventory Transporting Warehousing and Security. In Tourism Company Such As ERTC also have the process of logistics. Servicing companies use logistics as a process of planning, controlling, realizing and monitoring. Supply chain refers the global vision of logistics. It can be defined as a process involves all the companies related to handling, transferring or distributing the finish product. Tourism industry is producing services for customers, it needs no physical transferring of services. So, for bringing customers they are taking many marketing steps which are creating different supply chain. ERTC is providing services through online and offline processes which are generating quality and bookings. Online marketing is mainly used to cover the new generation of travelers. They already have developed their own website. Also using YouTube, twitter, Facebook etc. As there are no presences of a salesperson in online marketing, the website or marketing tools have to be lucrative to the customers. Offline communication has a great effect on customers but now a days it’s declining. ERTC is producing an annual guide as an offline marketing tool containing all the details of this company. Personal relationship and branding are powerful tools for increasing interest of customers. TASK-3 3.1 The ERTC is continuing to invest locally, regionally, nationally in research market to have an standard Operational performance. Standard of something means a particular level where a company has to reach or its way of measuring the improvements. ERTC, as a renowned tourism company has some standards for its own. These are as following- Main three- Increase the number of visitors. Expanding the value of tourism in torbay’s economy. Re positioning the English Reveira. Others- This company has the responsibility to perform the marketing activities for English Reveira. But their whole plan is to get the ‘Turning the tide for Tourism in Torbay’ strategy. ERTC is working to ensuring the standard of services Getting modernism Having contracts with other brands Showing the spectacular natural beauty of Bay Local tourism businesses are working with it as a promotional partner. Increasing investment on marketing sectors. All these belongs to operational management which are helping managers to perform their job with a particular standard. This system cooperate an organization to work with a specific plan. This job of coordination is done by the employees, managers or customers also. And then gaining objectives become easier. Committing with other brands is a great initiative to get maximum market converges. They are working as a promotional tools for ERTC. These partners also have a specific standard while promoting ERTC. So, importance of a specific standard can be seen in reality. 3.2 ERTC mainly collects information or feedbacks from the customers. They also get feedbacks from the promotional partners. Feedbacks are the statement about something from a person who already has experienced or monitor that thing. Both are very effective way of collecting feedback. Some feedbacks from customers are given below- â€Å"They are great ambassadors for the Bay and we really owe them all a big thank you from all of us in Guesthouse Land. Keep up the good work and keep selling the Bay just the way you are doing.† Garry and Debbie Midmer The Shirley, Torquay Other customers also said that they are very much supportive. Promotional partners also share their opinions, ERTC’s website is very much communicative, remained the beauty of the Bay, abroad promotional acts increasing dividends. ERTC also introduced an special app which created opportunity for all the interested people for being up to date. Both customers and promotional partners are appreciating the strategy ‘Turning the tide for Tourism in Torbay’. Through comparison the feedbacks ERTC needs to take following corrective activities- Should focus on operation into three main areas. Operations of cell center Developing significant alternative websites Providing more information about marketing channels. Following the national quality standard to ensure the quality of the service. Avoiding incomplete information. Arranging events for special festivals. Moreover the company has to develop a plan how it can serve its customers in a cost effective way with the changing needs. This company is providing nearly 8,800 jobs within the resort. All the job holders are influenced to share their feedback and correction methods. 3.3 Operational system is mainly run by the employees of a company. With the growing number of competition British tourism is facing challenges. Employees are the direct monitor who can define the lacking of a company. In service industry employees direct monitoring result is very much effective for a company. ERTC is also doing the same thing. They get some points which are pointed by the employees. Wow factor is absence in English Reveira tourism product. And they are not considering modern enough to buy. This company also needs some creativity in product development to get new customers. Needs focusing on year round opportunity. ERTC also get some controlling suggestions from its employees, they mainly suggested some opportunities. These are- Maritime leisure – Torbay can be an icon of worldwide if it starts doing something on tha basis of water. Developing torbay weeks Developing experiences based on water Promoting maritime through central destination marketing. Improving retail offerings Bringing ‘Agatha Christie theme’ for adding glamour Arranging festivals in different events. Global geopark can be introduced by this company. Creative promotion and positioning will create enormous offers. Running an event during special festivals. This will also work as promotional act. As of course it will focus all possible cultures remaining the local area. 3.4 Effective management system consists all the managerial activities of a company. Well planned system will give the opportunity to gain competitive advantages which actually a power for a company against competitors. Competitive advantage means gaining such kind of attributes that helps to perform jobs successfully and make some differentiation in contrast of competitors. As we have already seen that managerial system made up of planning, organizing, stuffing and controlling. ERTC has established a well planned managerial system. First of all they developed a strategy ‘Turning the tide for Tourism in Torbay’ focusing mainly the Torbay. Relating strategic economic development, other delivery organizations, strategy and advice all these are done by the chair, managing director and other organizers. Member of this company is made up of private and public sectors which brings a balance. The over activities are also controlled by the authority. As ERTC found some results of controlling- Arresting the decline of visitors’ number. Increase in employment Developing a compelling brand. Coordinating and monitoring effective marketing strategies. Funding for tourism marketing Expanding the facilities Developing online and offline questionnaire to know him statements of the customers very frequently. This will also help to get new ideas or steps from them. These are the main thing which have to be implemented. Quality of service also has to be increased. To increase tourists for ERTC effective destinations management is required. Outputs of investments represent the ultimate situation of a company so this element should also me measured while controlling. All the controlling steps will create competitive advantage for this company.

Human Rights and Development Essay

Introduction The endless efforts by human beings in formulating perception to respect human dignity resulted the human rights discourse and so was case of development. The inherent intensity of searching ‘better’ for human being to respect the human dignity paves the way for new development concept by integrating human rights norms into development, and thereby making a paradigm shift from other development models. The transition from focusing on material to focusing on human in development reflects the deepening of people understanding about the relations between human rights and development. However, armed conflicts within and beyond the national boundaries have been seriously violating human rights and hampering development process. War around the globe had and still has the same result. People around the globe are reshuffling their thinking on development models to ensure human rights thereby getting a peaceful environment free from war and conflicts. The aim of this paper is to explore the negative relation, if any, between armed conflicts, war and human rights and development assuming as a development model. Linking human rights with development as a development model Human rights are those rights without which a human being cannot live as human being. These rights are indispensable and inviolable, no one is supposed to take away these rights from any individual or groups. These rights are so basic and fundamental that any man or woman gets that from his or her birth and which are founded on human dignity. On the other hand, Development has now become an inter-disciplinary subject or it can be attributed to different political or ideological viewpoints. Development is as much a prerogative of nations as of individuals within nations. Development as comprehensively would be meant†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"is a comprehensive economic, social, cultural and political process, which aims at the constant improvement of the well-being of the entire population and of all individuals on the basis of their active, free, and meaningful participation in development and in fair distribution of benefits resulting therefrom.† Human rights and development an integrated approach of development as comparatively a new development model generally known as ‘Rights based approach’. â€Å"A rights-based approach is a conceptual framework for the process of human development that is normatively based on international human rights standards and operationally directed to promoting and protecting human rights. The right-based approach integrates the norms, standards and principles of international human rights system into the plans, policies and processes of development.† Linking human rights with peace as antithesis of conflicts and war Journey towards protecting rights of the people and ensuring peace in this globe had an immemorial history. It was so strongly perceived and advocated from the World War I and during and after World War II, which resulted the concept of human rights as it understood today. Perhaps, it was President Wilson of U.S.A. who advocated for rights of the minority as global protection at Peace Conference in Versailles (1919). During World War II world had witnessed the massive violation of human rights and denial of peace. Consequently, international legal and political leaders committed to show respect human rights and to stop wars and conflicts which paved the way for establishing UN as global organization. â€Å"We the peoples of the United Nations determined†¦to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our life time has brought untold sorrow to mankind.† Human beings are in position from where they want to respect the dignity and to avoid the barbarous acts of conflicts and wars by proper understanding and realizing these rights. â€Å"†¦whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind.† But after acknowledging the human rights and making commitments through UN, does the world avoid conflicts and war that violate human rights. The answer would certainly be negative though there was no world war since 1946 to onwards. But the world is witnessed of massive human rights violation in Sudan, Congo, Ruanda, Iraq, Afghanistan and different parts of the world. These in the long run violate the human rights. War, conflicts external or internal and unrest are threat to peace and security everywhere which are the conditions precedent for realizing human rights. Thus, war is the antithesis of human rights and vice- versa. â€Å"It is widely believed that the denial of human rights is not only an individual and personal tragedy as it also creates conditions of social and political unrest, sowing the seeds of violence and conflict within and between the societies and nations.† Thus, there is a close relation in observance of human rights and maintenance of peace or vice versa. The Declaration of Principle of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among the states in Accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, which was adopted by the UNGA in resolution 2625(XXV) of 24 October 1970, that postulates â€Å"†¦maintaining and strengthening international peace founded upon freedom, justice and respect for human rights.† Respect, promotion and protection of human rights helps to reduce the conflicts, internal or external and thereby avoiding the war, because by respecting fundamental human rights no civilized nations can support and go for war. Linking development with peace as antithesis of conflicts and war In the context of 21st century, the concept of development has been drastically changed. Now development is perceived in much broader sense than that of previous. Notion of development equating with commodity or economic growth has been changed and now development is perceived as human development, meaning â€Å"the process of enlarging people’s choices.† Thus, there is a close relation between development and peace. An underdeveloped environment is not generally accepted that peace shall be prevailing. For this, to establish such environment, commitments are reflected in UN charter establishing conditions under which justice, respect to international law, to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, ensuring economic and social development for all would be prevailed. Peaceful environment is very much conducive for development and vice versa, Almost 20 years after the cold war our world is becoming less safe, industrialized countries are facing human insecurity by terrorism. Conflicts by internal groups are also visible in different developing and least developing countries. The world both developed and under-developed is suffering the common problem of insecurity which exposed by among the reasons †¦deprivation, violation of human rights and less development approach by the rulers. Insecurity linked to armed conflict remains one of the greatest obstacles to realize human rights and development. â€Å"Every civilian death linked to conflict is a violation of human rights.† The human security which is the essence of human rights and development has got larger attention across the globe in this era of globalization. The state centric security now turns into the human centric security. Promotion of security helps to ensure the development as well as human rights, and insecurity expose to unrest and under-development and massive violation of human rights. â€Å"Humanity cannot enjoy security without development or development without security, and neither without respect for human rights.† Human being can achieve complete fulfillment of its aspirations only within the just social order. For the stable, peaceful, non-violent environment are preconditions which are more often disturbed by the war and conflicts. â€Å"†¦international peace and security on the one hand, and social progress and economic development on the other, are closely interdependent and influence each other.† Furthermore, there is very close relationship between disarmament which exposes peace as well as development and also prevents armed conflicts and war. â€Å"†¦ [T]here is a close relationship between disarmament and development and that progress in the field of disarmament would considerably promote progress in the field of development.† The costs of wars and conflicts often are not clear to the world community, it just not the violating human rights at once but making many human persons disables for the long time which is contrary to the concept of development. â€Å"Violent conflicts claims lives not just through bullets but through the erosion of human security more broadly.† Armed conflicts and wars all over the world displaced many people which is ultimately a violation of human rights and also a serious impediment of development. â€Å"About 25 million people are internally displaced because of conflicts or human rights violations.† However, some developed nations go for war for resources but ultimately their development doesn’t become as sustainable one. Their internal development get interrupted by drugs, alcoholism, joblessness, economic unrest thereby produce instability, recent USA’s movement of ‘we are 99%’ the occupier of world street and UK’s unrest are glaring examples of non-sustainability of their development. Conclusion Human rights and development share some commonalities, for that reason they have justification to be applied in practical field which can be a very pragmatic way to solve problems that we are facing today. Thus, in the light of above discussion, it shall not be less than just to claim that, human rights and development both are the antithesis of armed conflicts and war, and vice-versa. The promotion and protection of formers discourages the latter, and happening of the latter severely violates and hampers the former. Thus, human rights and development are the contradictory to war and the war, armed conflicts are also opposite to the promotion and protection of human rights, and realization sustainable development. In this same point, the both human rights and development could used as to prevent armed conflicts and war. â€Å"In turn without development, long term enjoyment of human rights and development will prove illusory and war, of course is the antithesis of both.† ——————————————– [ 2 ]. The author completed LL.B. & LL.M. from University of Dhaka. And currently serving as Lecturer, Department of Law. Green University of Bangladesh. [ 3 ]. Preamble, Para-2, Declaration on the Right to Development, 1986, adopted by UNGA. [ 4 ]. Robinson, Mary, A voice for human rights, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006, p.303. [ 5 ]. Preamble, The UN charter.1945. [ 6 ]. Ibid. [ 7 ]. Bari, Dr.M.Ershadul, Human rights and World peace, The Dhaka University Studies Part-F, Vol.III(1):1-11June 1992,p.2 [ 8 ]. The third preambular paragraph. [ 9 ]. HDR, 1990, UNDP, New York, p. 10. [ 10 ]. Ibid. [ 11 ]. Ibid. [ 12 ]. See for more, Sen, Amartya, Human security now, Commission on human security, New York, 2003, pp. 2- 9. [ 13 ]. Anaan, kofi, Report of the secretary general, UN ,New York,2005,p.6. [ 14 ]. Preamble, Para-6, Declaration on Social Progress and Development,1969,adopted by UNGA. [ 15 ]. Preamble, Declaration on the Right to Development, 1986, adopted by UNGA. [ 16 ]. HDR, 2005, UNDP, New York, p.155. [ 17 ]. Ibid., p.151. [ 18 ]. Annan, Kofi, Official records of the UNGA, forty-seventh session, supplement no-1(A/47/1) para-109.

Introducing Essay Writing Samples

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